AGV technical points
 
A fully functional AGV system usually consists of three parts: walking mechanism, sensor system and control system. The walking mechanism is the basis of the AGV's movement, which determines the movement space and freedom of the AGV. The sensing system determines its navigation method. The mainstream uses laser sensors, ultrasonic sensors, photoelectric sensors, magnetic sensors, CCD cameras, infrared sensors or GPS positioning. In recent years, the rapid development of microcomputer technology, artificial intelligence, and sensory measurement and control technology has made AGVs more intelligent and humanized, which has promoted AGVs in the direction of intelligent robots.
 
When operating stably in a part of the known or unknown environment while requiring autonomous execution of tasks, the AGV must have sufficient safety assurance, use sensors to perceive the external environment, analyze the external conditions, and then understand the environment in an appropriate way. Intelligence is of great significance. Research on AGVs in recent years has shown that for autonomous AGVs working in complex or unconventional environments, it is necessary to further improve their autonomous judgment capabilities and rely on their own pattern recognition and obstacle recognition to achieve normal work. In this regard, the mirrorless laser navigation technology is very successful, and the autonomy and learning ability of the AGV is improved through intelligent algorithms. The addition of artificial intelligence methods has a positive effect on the further development of the global AGV model to obtain global control information. At present, the key technologies affecting the development of AGV mainly include: navigation technology, AGV system control technology, power supply technology, etc.
 
AGV structure system
 
 
The above schematic diagram of the AGV body is as follows: 1—safety retaining ring 2, 11—recognition coil 3—failure control coil 4—guide detector 5—steering wheel 6—driving motor 7—steering mechanism 8—guide servo motor 9— Battery 10-frame 12-brake 13-drive wheels 14 on-board controller.
 
AGV car body: The car body is composed of a frame and corresponding mechanical devices. It is the basic part of the AGV and the installation basis for other assembly components;
 
AGV trolley battery and charging device: AGV trolleys often use 24V or 48V DC batteries as power. The battery power supply should generally guarantee the need of continuous work for more than 8 hours.
 
Driving device: The driving device of the AGV is composed of wheels, reducers, brakes, driving motors and speed controllers. It is a device that controls the normal operation of the AGV. The operating instructions are issued by a computer or a manual controller, and the operating speed, direction, and braking adjustments are controlled by the computer respectively. For safety, the braking device can achieve braking mechanically when the power is off.
 
Guiding device: Receive the direction information of the guidance system to realize the steering action through the steering device.
 
AGV vehicle controller: accepts the instructions from the control center and executes the corresponding instructions, and at the same time feeds back its own status (such as position, speed, etc.) to the control center in time.
 
Communication device: to realize the information exchange between the AGV and the ground control station and ground monitoring equipment.
 
AGV safety protection device: The safety system includes the protection of the AGV itself, the protection of people or other equipment, etc.
 
Multiple safety protection: active safety protection device and passive safety protection device.
 
Transfer device: a device that directly contacts with the goods being transported and realizes the transfer of goods.
 
Information transmission and processing device: The main function is to monitor the AGV, monitor the ground state of the AGV, and transmit information in real time with the ground control station.
 
AGV application
 
Logistics handling AGV is mainly used in automated logistics warehouses. It can be docked with automatic roller conveyor lines to realize the function of automatic loading and unloading of goods, and can automatically transport goods to a designated location according to a certain path trajectory. AGV is very versatile. It is not a special equipment for a certain industry, but can be used for handling operations in almost any industry. The personalized design of the AGV body according to the characteristics of the industry can meet the needs of use. For now, the industry with the deepest vertical application of AGVs is the automotive industry, which almost encompasses complete vehicles, auto parts and other automotive auxiliary industries. Next is the 3C electronics industry, which is characterized by high handling frequency and light handling weight, so it needs to design simple and efficient AGV products. In addition, the machinery and equipment industry, power industry, printing and papermaking, food and beverage industries are all industries that AGV focuses on.